OpenAM Open Redirect
Posted on 25 February 2016
############################################################# # # COMPASS SECURITY ADVISORY http://www.csnc.ch/en/downloads/advisories.html ############################################################# # # CSNC ID: CSNC-2016-002 # Product: OpenAM [1] # Vendor: ForgeRock # Subject: Open Redirect # Risk: Critical # Effect: Remotely exploitable # Author: Stephan Sekula (stephan.sekula@csnc.de) # Date: February 23rd 2016 # ############################################################# Introduction: ------------- OpenAM provides core identity services to simplify the implementation of transparent single sign-on (SSO) as a security component in a network infrastructure. OpenAM provides the foundation for integrating diverse web applications that might typically operate against a disparate set of identity repositories and are hosted on a variety of platforms such as web and application servers. [1] Compass Security discovered a web application security flaw in the OpenAM application which allows an attacker to launch phishing attacks against users by redirecting them to a malicious website. An attacker is able to create a link that, when visited, will redirect the user to a website of the attacker's choosing once the victim attempts to login. This allows, for instance, phishing of user credentials. Since it is the victim who needs to visit the malicious link, this attack is possible for unauthenticated attackers who do not have access to the affected websites. Affected Versions: ------------------ The following OpenAM versions are vulnerable: - 9.5.5 - 10.0.2 - 10.1.0-Xpress - 11.0.0-11.0.3 - 12.0.0-12.0.2 OpenAM version 13.0.0 is not vulnerable. Patches: -------- OpenAM released patches for each affected version as part of OpenAM Security Advisory #201601 [2]. Technical Description: ---------------------- OpenAM provides a whitelist mechanism that allows specifying allowed redirection URLs. If user input is not part of this whitelist, the user should be redirected to an error page. However, this mechanism only works for parameter values of the form "http://www.csnc.de" and "www.csnc.de". Parameter values such as "//www.csnc.de" will not be caught, thus effectively bypassing the whitelist mechanism. Example: /openam_sp/UI/Login?goto=//www.csnc.de&gotoOnFail=//www.csnc.de Exploiting the vulnerability will lead to redirections to arbitrary websites which allows phishing of user credentials. Milestones: ----------- 2015-12-16: Vulnerability discovered 2016-01-04: Vendor notified 2016-02-05: Vendor provided patched version 2016-02-23: Public disclosure References: ----------- [1] http://openam.forgerock.org/ [2] https://forgerock.org/2016/02/openam-security-advisory-201601/
